Happy Groundhog Day

We Get an Early Spring!

History of Groundhog Day

If the groundhogs see their shadows on February 2, get set for another 6 weeks of winter... at least that’s what they would have you believe.

The theory behind Groundhog Day (Shadow = another 6 weeks of winter, No Shadow = an early spring) originated in 18th century America and was based on the European tradition of Hedgehog Day (the hedgehog, a cousin of the groundhog, is not indigenous to North America). The tradition was that if the sun was shining on Candlemas Day (February 2) winter would stick around for another 6 weeks. However, if the sky was cloudy, spring would make an early appearance.

Hedgehog Day, itself, dates back to Roman times when the fate of spring was decided by hedgehogs seeing their shadows at night by the light of the moon. Interestingly, about 6 weeks after Groundhog Day is the vernal equinox and the traditional beginning of spring.

What did groundhogs have to do with it?

Not much really. But some people began to wonder why some animals, including groundhogs, would appear frightened after coming out of hibernation and seeing their shadows. What could it mean? Were they trying to warn about something? After a few consecutive years with what seemed like longer than normal winters, so began the belief that shadows on Candlemas Day meant bad news weather-wise. European settlers brought the theory to America and looked to the groundhogs every February 2 to predict the rest of winter.

The spirit and fun of Groundhog Day has caught on in many parts of the world including Canada. Some of the country’s most famed groundhogs include Ontario’s Wiarton Willie, Nova Scotia’s Shubenacadie Sam, and Alberta’s Balzac Billie. In the US, Punxsutawney Phil is the most notable groundhog weather prognosticator.